Overview
Companies gain a competitive advantage through proper development and use of knowledge management. In order to conduct successful business practices in the 21st century companies must understand the difference from doing to knowing business (Housel and Bell, 2001).
This research project will answer several questions such as, what is knowledge, intellectual capital and how does knowledge acquire value in an organization. The outcome of the analysis will conclude with understanding the worth of information in an organization and the importance of knowledge in the business sector.
Discussion
Defining Knowledge
The wikipedia encyclopedia defines knowledge as the awareness and understanding of facts, truths or information gained in the form of experience of learning (Wikipedia, 2005). The word knowledge also serves as information that has a purpose of use. Knowledge is power and referred to something that takes action when applied (Reinan, 2005). While others such as, John Creswell (2003) warrants knowledge as conjectural with a scientific method approach. This approach refers to knowledge as imperfect and fallible, making it difficult for the absolute truth to be discovered. According to a business article in American Society for Training and Development (ASTD), knowledge consists of twelve principles (Allee, 2001).
Understanding. The ASTD states in order to understand knowledge one must learn how to manage knowledge effectively (Allee, 2001). The twelve principles about knowledge include the following: (1) Knowledge is messy (2) Knowledge is self-organizing, (3) Knowledge seeks community, (4) Knowledge travels via language, (5) The more you try to pin knowledge down, the more it slips away, (6) Looser is probably better, (7) There is no one solution, (8) Knowledge doesn’t grow forever, (9) No one is in charge, (10) You can’t impose rules and systems, (11) There is no silver bullet, and (12) How you define knowledge determines how you manage it.
Principles. The first term states knowledge is messy; due to its entanglement with everything, we know and do (Allee, 2001). The author states knowledge as a self-organizing principle around organizations or groups. It seeks community because it is waiting to be born or happen, a prime example of this is the Internet. Knowledge travels via language through constant development of languages, communications and experience included in daily work schedules. Another important fact about knowledge lies in its inflexibility and requirements. Often one will try to restrain knowledge through patents and other forms of official documents, only to find that too much control leads to loss of originality. Also by tightly controlling resources, time and energy can be lost when monitored too tightly. Experts agree that looser is probably a better solution overall when dealing with knowledge.
Next, when dealing with knowledge it would be wise to learn that there is no one solution (Allee, 2001). Since the beginning of time, knowledge has continually changed and will continue to do so. Although, at some point one must except that knowledge does not grow forever, meaning eventually it may vanish or pass away. This theory compares to the natural life span on the earth. Allee (2001), further states knowledge as a shared method and no one can claim responsibility or impose rules and systems on it. Overall knowledge will take care of itself when left alone, due to its self-organizing ability. Moreover, knowledge works at best when managed properly. Knowledge can present itself in various ways, forms, categories, but ultimately it depends on how one uses it to gain the best results.
Forms. Knowledge exists in two forms, explicit and tacit. Explicit knowledge presents a concise clear to the point appearance (Srikantaiah & Koenig, 2000). This knowledge is tangible, often found in commercial publications, organization business records, email, web, intranets, groupware, databases and self-study materials. Explicit knowledge provides an external and internal form. Whereas tacit knowledge involves a different concept, involving peoples awareness, with the use of internal staff and outside experts. Srikantaiah & Koenig, (2000), states that knowledge involves face-to face conversation, telephone conversation and individual knowledge. Both explicit and tacit knowledge bring essential contributions to one another.
Categories of Knowledge
Individual Knowledge. According to Housell and Bell, (2001), knowledge management can be born, die, be owned and placed into various categories. Since an explanation of knowledge has been defined and broken down into twelve principles, two forms, it now can be simplified into four major groups to include, individual, group, organizational and extra-organizational knowledge. Individual knowledge consists of a wide view of ideas of what is believed to be true. For instance, an item of information fixated by a research scientist or adults on the planet provides knowledge further in detail. Individual knowledge can also be defined as a set of rules, beliefs, attitudes, speculations, lifestyle choices and habits, in which shapes a persons environment (Housell and Bell, 2001). Another important detail with individual knowledge attributes in the ability to differ from animals. Unlike any other animal, the human being has the innate ability to imagine, store, and influence ideas. Human beings are born with individual knowledge and once developed throughout life, it serves as an asset to employers, leaders and companies.
Group Knowledge. Group knowledge exists as knowledge that pertains to a certain selection of individuals in a cluster. It may take the form of various ideas, skills and processes. For example, group knowledge may refer to certain proficiency that college students or business professionals hold. Another important area to group knowledge focuses on people knowledge. According to Housel and Bell (2001), people knowledge allows individuals from various forms the dexterity to work together in companies. Housel and Bell (2001),further states, “knowledge management brings people knowledge to visibility and to a position of prominence in a frame work for understanding and using knowledge within a corporation” (p. 12).
Organizational Knowledge. Organizational knowledge applies to information specific to a particular corporation. According to Housel and Bell, 2001 organizational knowledge can also be reflected as “creative reserve in the form of human resources and computer systems” in today’s businesses (p.9). Other examples include sole information to the organization and their internal operations, shared by its employees.
Intellectual Capital. Intellectual capital or knowledge capital links to knowledge resources (Srikantaiah & Koenig, 2000). Knowledge capital falls into three categories, which include knowledge, social and infrastructure capital. Intellectual capital includes a company’s tacit and explicit knowledge about the organization. As reviewed earlier explicit knowledge provides tangible information and tacit knowledge involves people’s knowledge. By combining knowledge capital with tacit and explicit knowledge, the entire structure of an organization exists. Knowledge capital in the future will depend on meeting and understanding the demands of knowledge which resides within the employees, suppliers and customers (Cairncross, 2002). By incorporating knowledge as assets into the workforce companies mature and develop new ways of learning. Furthermore, intellectual capital may exist in several forms to include embodied, embedded and represented (Srikantaiah & Koenig, 2000).
According to Srikantaiah and Koenig, (2000), embodied is defined as a type of knowledge which presents itself in the minds of knower, and different communities. Often, embodied knowledge is tacit based on the communal familiarity, insights, and situations of individuals and groups. Knowledge resources in the embedded form include daily routines and job responsibilities. Moreover, represented knowledge includes separate articles, rather than procedures or plans. Other mentionable sources of knowledge include social and infrastructure capital. Social capital includes organizational culture, reputations, trust and informal networks. Whereas infrastructure capital includes knowledge management applications, LANS, WANS, intranets and servers.
The value of knowledge in organizations
Values. More than ever companies incorporate knowledge into everyday activities. For instance, within the business world, companies rely on knowledge-based systems (Gaffney & Dobrow, 2004). Knowledge management and information is today’s competitive advantage in business. Customer’s can help businesses gain useful knowledge to any corporation by gaining insight. Often companies will enforce changes within the companies to gain value.
In 1992, “BP Amoco an oil company downsized and restructured its company into a learning organization where people, teams, and informal networks generate and share knowledge to add value to what they do” (Worley & Cummings, 2001). This type of company compares to an learning organization since a strong emphasis was placed on effective knowledge of workers to turn the organization around. Other ways in which knowledge acquires value in the organization focuses on customer value (Peppers & Rogers, 2004). Companies must realize the magnitude of maximizing a customer’s value through knowledge and trust within the company. By capitalizing knowledge and value within a firm, a company will gain full results of its customers. Another unique idea for creating value consists of the employer placing themselves into the customers needs, and then meeting it accordingly. For companies to increase success levels, it is imperative to achieve the trust of the customer.
Conclusion
Opinion. Companies that properly understand knowledge management gain a competitive advantage within today’s work force. Without the proper use of knowledge management in business, companies will fail. By properly understanding how to use, knowledge and intellectual capital in the 21st century will prove crucial for survival. Also by learning how to effectively apply knowledge and acquire value within a particular organization will guarantee a successful business plan. A victorious company will learn the advantage of mastering knowledge. Lastly, the company of the future will be able to distinguish between doing and knowing business for continued success and endurance.
References
Allee, V. (2001). American Society for Training and Development. 12 Principles of Knowledge
Management. Retrieved January 15, 2005 from http://ecorse.hpu.edu/13392500510/12Principles.htm
Cairncross, F. (2002). The company of the future: How the communication revolution is
changing management. ACM . Retrieved January 18, 2005 from http://www.acm.org/ubiquity/book/f_cairncross_1.html
Creswell, J. (2003). Research design. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches
Cummings, T. & Worley, C. (2001). Organization development and change. Mason, OH: South-western college publishing.
Gaffney, J. & Dobrow, L. (2004, December). Profit growth: Turning data into action. 1 to 1 Magazine.
Housel, T. & Bell, A., (2001). Measuring and managing knowledge. New York, NY: McGraw- Hill/Irwin.
Peppers, D & Rogers, M. (2004 Dec). Trust stakes its claim to customer value. 1 to 1 magazine.
Reinan, J. (2005, January 17). The pursuit of knowledge. Star Tribune. Retrieved January 18, 2005, from http://www.startribune.com/dynamic/story.php?
Srikantaiah, T. & Koenig, M. (Eds.). (2000). Knowlegde management for the information professional. Medford, NJ: Information Today, Inc.
Wikipedia. (2005). Knowledge. Retrieved on January 17, 2005, from http://www.wikipedia.com
Tuesday, February 15, 2005
Good Research
Overview
In the book, by John Creswell, there are three types of research designs that are important. They include qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. The purpose of this paper is to differentiate between the three research designs. In addition, the focal point of this paper will distinguish between poor and high quality research articles.
Discussion
Research Methods
Qualitative. Qualitative research can be defined as methods that predict knowledge claims (Creswell, 2003). The approaches that tend to apply to qualitative approaches include philosophical assumptions, and constructivist advocacy. These strategies are inquired with phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, case study and narrative. Other characteristics of qualitative approaches include open-ended questions, emerging approaches, and text or image data. These practices of research are used as the researcher positions himself or herself, collects participants meanings, focuses on a single concept or phenomenon. Qualitative approaches add personal values into the study, context and setting of participants. Other ways of determining qualitative approaches focus on validation of the accuracy of its findings, by interpretations of data. Lastly, they create an agenda for change, reform and are able to collaborate with the participants.
In an article, “Carrots reduce cancer risk by one third in laboratory rats”, Dr. Kirsten Brandt prefers the use of qualitative methods to quantitative methods (Brandt, 2005). The research completed the study by testing 24 rats with pre cancerous tumors, later the rats were separated into three groups. Each of the groups were feed different diets, to determine the results of including carrots in the diet. After careful observation, the team concluded that the rats with carrots in their daily diet were less likely to develop full-scale tumors. This was just one example of the importance of conducting quality qualitative research. This particular study can also be further broken down to decide if there a certain types of carrots that will prevent the risk of cancer.
Quantitative. Investigators often use the quantitative approach in order to gain post positivist claims for development of knowledge (Creswell, 2003). Another common root includes surveys and experiments. Methods may be employed through use of close-ended questions, predetermined approaches and numeric data. Some areas in which practices of research may use includes tests, theories, explanations, variable, hypotheses, reliability, and statistics.
In a scientific examination about pediatrics to geriatrics, a study was conducted on elderly humans. This study focused on the relationships between energy intake and the recovery time for elderly patients in resistive training (American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2005). The materials and methods used were fifteen frail, hospitalized elderly people, about 84.1 years old. These patients would participate in a high resistance training class for four weeks and five times per week. The load would continue over the weeks to increase until reaching about 80% of it repetition maximum (RM). Next, the group was divided into two groups, one consisting of persons whose energy intake was over the total energy expenditure (TEE) and one that was under the energy intake for TEE. After consistent training and study, the following conclusions were made:
1) resistance weight training leads to gains in muscle size among frail elderly patients for 4 weeks.
2) It was suggested that energy intake on resistive training over the total energy expenditure
accelerate the muscle hypertrophy (American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2005).
Mixed Methods. Mixed methods are different from qualitative and quantitative methods since they respond to both open and closed ended questions (Creswell, 2003). Mixed methods are unique since they focus on pragmatic knowledge claims, and they use strategies that are sequential, concurrent, and transformative. The mixed methods approach collects both quantitative and qualitative data. Other attributes about the approach include developing a rationale for mixing, integrating the data at different stages of inquiry, and the used of visual pictures. For instance, a study was conducted to in an educational environment. The benefits of using mixed methods would help to tear down the professional rifts in qualitative and quantitative research (Viadcro, 2005).
Designing research
The three methods discussed are important in conducting the appropriate research. In conducting good research, examiners must properly introduce the proposed research (Creswell, 2003). Often research work may be sloppy due to vague introductions. To avoid this researchers must ensure that the situation is properly identified. A good research project should also have a purpose statement. The purpose statement is found in the beginning of the research and tells the reader the intent of the study. Researchers should also incorporate research questions and hypotheses in their study to draw the attention of the reader. The will capture the attention of the reader and answer any questions. Lastly, a good researcher will determine the type of methods used in the study, whether it is quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods procedures.
Conclusion
Opinion. Overall, the importance of conducting a good research relies on the researcher. The researcher must be able to pull together accurate precise information that is not biased. Often in research environments, the method of study will tend to lean to the left or right. In my opinion, a good research method would incorporate both qualitative and quantitative, producing a mixed methods approach.
References
American society for parenteral and enteral nutition. (2005). Scientific paper session.
Pediatrics to geriatrics. Red Nova. Retrieved February 13, 2005, from http:www.rednova.com/modules/news/tools.
Brandt, K. (2005). Carrots reduce cancer risk by one third in laboratory rats. Medical
news today. Retrieved February 13, 2005, from http: www.medicalnewstoday.com
Creswell, J. (2003). Research Design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods
approaches. London. Sage publications.
Viadrcro, D. (2005). Mixed methods research examined. Education week. Retrieved February 10, 2005, from http: www.educationweek.com
In the book, by John Creswell, there are three types of research designs that are important. They include qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. The purpose of this paper is to differentiate between the three research designs. In addition, the focal point of this paper will distinguish between poor and high quality research articles.
Discussion
Research Methods
Qualitative. Qualitative research can be defined as methods that predict knowledge claims (Creswell, 2003). The approaches that tend to apply to qualitative approaches include philosophical assumptions, and constructivist advocacy. These strategies are inquired with phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, case study and narrative. Other characteristics of qualitative approaches include open-ended questions, emerging approaches, and text or image data. These practices of research are used as the researcher positions himself or herself, collects participants meanings, focuses on a single concept or phenomenon. Qualitative approaches add personal values into the study, context and setting of participants. Other ways of determining qualitative approaches focus on validation of the accuracy of its findings, by interpretations of data. Lastly, they create an agenda for change, reform and are able to collaborate with the participants.
In an article, “Carrots reduce cancer risk by one third in laboratory rats”, Dr. Kirsten Brandt prefers the use of qualitative methods to quantitative methods (Brandt, 2005). The research completed the study by testing 24 rats with pre cancerous tumors, later the rats were separated into three groups. Each of the groups were feed different diets, to determine the results of including carrots in the diet. After careful observation, the team concluded that the rats with carrots in their daily diet were less likely to develop full-scale tumors. This was just one example of the importance of conducting quality qualitative research. This particular study can also be further broken down to decide if there a certain types of carrots that will prevent the risk of cancer.
Quantitative. Investigators often use the quantitative approach in order to gain post positivist claims for development of knowledge (Creswell, 2003). Another common root includes surveys and experiments. Methods may be employed through use of close-ended questions, predetermined approaches and numeric data. Some areas in which practices of research may use includes tests, theories, explanations, variable, hypotheses, reliability, and statistics.
In a scientific examination about pediatrics to geriatrics, a study was conducted on elderly humans. This study focused on the relationships between energy intake and the recovery time for elderly patients in resistive training (American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2005). The materials and methods used were fifteen frail, hospitalized elderly people, about 84.1 years old. These patients would participate in a high resistance training class for four weeks and five times per week. The load would continue over the weeks to increase until reaching about 80% of it repetition maximum (RM). Next, the group was divided into two groups, one consisting of persons whose energy intake was over the total energy expenditure (TEE) and one that was under the energy intake for TEE. After consistent training and study, the following conclusions were made:
1) resistance weight training leads to gains in muscle size among frail elderly patients for 4 weeks.
2) It was suggested that energy intake on resistive training over the total energy expenditure
accelerate the muscle hypertrophy (American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2005).
Mixed Methods. Mixed methods are different from qualitative and quantitative methods since they respond to both open and closed ended questions (Creswell, 2003). Mixed methods are unique since they focus on pragmatic knowledge claims, and they use strategies that are sequential, concurrent, and transformative. The mixed methods approach collects both quantitative and qualitative data. Other attributes about the approach include developing a rationale for mixing, integrating the data at different stages of inquiry, and the used of visual pictures. For instance, a study was conducted to in an educational environment. The benefits of using mixed methods would help to tear down the professional rifts in qualitative and quantitative research (Viadcro, 2005).
Designing research
The three methods discussed are important in conducting the appropriate research. In conducting good research, examiners must properly introduce the proposed research (Creswell, 2003). Often research work may be sloppy due to vague introductions. To avoid this researchers must ensure that the situation is properly identified. A good research project should also have a purpose statement. The purpose statement is found in the beginning of the research and tells the reader the intent of the study. Researchers should also incorporate research questions and hypotheses in their study to draw the attention of the reader. The will capture the attention of the reader and answer any questions. Lastly, a good researcher will determine the type of methods used in the study, whether it is quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods procedures.
Conclusion
Opinion. Overall, the importance of conducting a good research relies on the researcher. The researcher must be able to pull together accurate precise information that is not biased. Often in research environments, the method of study will tend to lean to the left or right. In my opinion, a good research method would incorporate both qualitative and quantitative, producing a mixed methods approach.
References
American society for parenteral and enteral nutition. (2005). Scientific paper session.
Pediatrics to geriatrics. Red Nova. Retrieved February 13, 2005, from http:www.rednova.com/modules/news/tools.
Brandt, K. (2005). Carrots reduce cancer risk by one third in laboratory rats. Medical
news today. Retrieved February 13, 2005, from http: www.medicalnewstoday.com
Creswell, J. (2003). Research Design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods
approaches. London. Sage publications.
Viadrcro, D. (2005). Mixed methods research examined. Education week. Retrieved February 10, 2005, from http: www.educationweek.com
Monday, February 14, 2005
Collapsing Banks
Overview
The use of systems tools within an organization contributes to knowledge and understanding of the subject. Systems tools may be applied to just about everything. In the text systems structures, “can graph patterns of behavior overtime” (Anderson & Johnson, 1997).
The use of systems tools within an organization contributes to knowledge and understanding of the subject. Systems tools may be applied to just about everything. In the text systems structures, “can graph patterns of behavior overtime” (Anderson & Johnson, 1997).
The purpose of this paper is to apply systems tools to a simulated organization situation. In addition, a discussion of the value using casual loop diagrams, behavior overtime graphs, stretching timelines, and the importance that value of uncovering systems structures encounter.
Discussion
Simulated organization
Tools. In the case of the collapsing banks, the paragraph introduces the problem with bank failures. One problem that evolved focused on lost of trust within the bank systems (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). During this crisis, depositors began to withdraw funds. According to Anderson and Johnson, “the volume of these withdrawals threatened the solvency of the bank, and when bank funds fell too low, the bank failed” to refurbish (p.59). Moreover, this caused almost a chain reaction leading other banks to adapt the same trend due to nervousness. Over a period, a graph about the bank can be graphed to further explain the variables.
Casual loops
Within the bank case and virtual team, discussions there are variables that exist to problems called casual loops diagrams. Casual loops diagrams (CLD) are defined as, “one of the tools of systems thinking. Causal loop diagrams capture how variables in a system are interrelated. A CLD takes the form of a closed loop that depicts cause-and-effect linkages” over a system (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). These systems provide importance to better understanding organizations. For instance casual loops diagrams can be graphed over a period of time to show trends and behavior.
In the discussion about the failing banks, casual loop diagrams are used by formulating the problem, telling the story, choosing the key variables, and naming them precisely and graphing the key variables behavior over time (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). The importance of formulating the problem allows the company to focus on the issue and how it is seen. The telling of the story allows the company to talk about the concern and the reason behind the cause. The next step involves choosing your key variables and naming them precisely, allows one to pinpoint the main problems. In this particular case the significant variables that contributed to the case of the collapsing bank included bank failures, bank solvency, funds withdrawals and depositors’ confidence. All of these factors contributed to a problem within the case study. In addition, the last step allows one to graph the key variables’ behavior over time. In this case, the graph showed how the failure evolved over the years through decline.
Components. To understand the anatomy design of a casual loop diagram several components must be expressed. The CLD is primarily made up of two or more variables joined by links in the form of arrows (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). Within the realm exists a circle named the feedback loop. The feedback loop provides information about the occurring situation or problem. The relevance of this issue shows the links between variables and how they are interconnected. These links and variables contain signs to better inform the changes of the present environment. The variables that exist are either S’s or O’s. The sign S or O sand for the same direction change or opposite direction change. These variables are important since they affect one another. In some instances the systems signs are denoted by a + or – to alleviate difficulty.
Feedback Loops
Reinforcing. Reinforcing loops are unique since they compound change towards one direction (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). Placing the capital letter R inside the loop denotes reinforcing loops. These diagrams are used to show the cause and effect between the relationships and distinguish the difference between the reinforcing and balancing process. An example of a reinforcing loop is used in the text, which specifies the difference between positive and negative feedback from an employee. The positive feedback will enhance the employer’s performance, whereas the negative feedback can hinder or damage the performance. Another example of a reinforcing loop was displayed in the collapsing bank case. According to the graph and evidence presented, the bank solvency and depositors confidence continued on a downward spiral. For this cause withdrawal of funds increased over a period of two years. Ultimately, this trend is not positive for the bank and the reinforcing loop can be seen in growth or collapse. Another clear distinction includes the concept of compounding change in one direction. The example in the collapsing banks case compounds change as it moves in one direction.
Balancing. The balancing loop is an important since it acts as a stabilizer to the current situation that is involved. Placing the capital letter B inside the loop denotes balancing loops. Anderson and Johnson states, “balancing loops try to bring a system to a desired state and keep it there” (p. 56). For instance, in an inventory control system, adjusting the inventory when too much or too little is present contributes to the actions taken by a balancing system (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). In addition, the text states that reinforcing and balancing loops can combine to build blocks of complex behavior. An example is given about an employee that puts in long hours to impress their boss. Over a period of time this will cause the employee' to dwindle down or burn out. Ultimately allowing the employee to reach a plateau or decline in work performance. The best solution according to the text is to have a combination of reinforcing and balancing loops for healthy growth.
Behavior over time
Graphs. Another important factor includes drawing behavior over time graphs and sketching the timelines. In the case of the collapsing bank it was clearly seen the magnitude of impact present with this issue. The text states successful approaches to behavior over time graphs can be recorded by selecting a time horizon, sketching the graph and building theories about how the graph is variable are interrelated (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). An example of selecting a time horizon appears in the case for a period of two years. Once a time horizon has been selected, the key variables can be extracted from the situation in sketched on the graph. Then the hypotheses can be tested to gain valuable insight about the problem.
Value of uncovering systemic structures
The value of uncovering systemic structures correlates with the building of causal loop diagrams (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). A systemic structure provides value through the exploration of interrelationships, parts, location, time and test. These conditions add value to the situation by disclosing evidence. Although a good product, systemic structures can run into problems such as delays. Delays in a systemic structure can be viewed as neutral (neither good nor bad). Whether the delay turns into a problem or not depends solely on how it is handled. These actions can be measured, “by understanding the relationship between the length of time it takes to increase capacity and the delay between changes” (Anderson & Johnson, 1997).
Conclusion
Understanding the systems tools within an organization contributes to knowledge and understanding of the problem. In reference to the learning tools for the case study, reading and virtual teams, systemic learning provides insight. Interfacing on line and reviewing the cases resulted in understanding the existing problem. By using casual loop diagrams, behavior over time graphs, timelines and systemic structures, I was able to conclude the significance of the charts. As with the case of the collapsing banks, a problem was identified and dissected to find the root of the problem. The techniques used are impressive and will continue to add value to any organization with proper understanding.
Reference:
Anderson, V., & Johnson, L., (1997). Systems thinking basics: From concepts to causal loops. Pegasus communications. Waltham, MA
Tuesday, February 08, 2005
Personal reflections
Overview
The study of social science in today’s society plays an important role in the world. In order to better understand the role of social science, one must correctly explain the key concepts behind the method.
The purpose of this assignment is to present a detailed reflective paper based on personal experiences with social science. In addition, it will answer the following topic about social science research, science in general, personal conceptions of truth, knowledge, and other valid information pertaining to the subject.
Discussion
Knowledge. Daily survival within the world depends on knowledge and social science. There may be many ways to explain the word knowledge. However knowledge includes self-awareness and understanding of facts, truth or information acquired from birth and life long learning. Often people will quote, “knowledge is power”. Although true, if use correctly knowledge can heal the worlds diseases. While on the other hand if used incorrectly, it can be a ticking bomb waiting to explode. Another aspect for understanding knowledge is to understand that it exist in individual form. Meaning that individual knowledge is created through birth and continues to build until death. While this knowledge builds throughout life people will began to study a variety of things such of social sciences and humanities. This type of science is important in the sense that it provides knowledge on various issues relevant to humankind.
Science. The study of social science includes the different aspects within the world. For instance, the main social sciences that exist today include economics, political science, psychology, linguistics, sociology and communications. Understanding the various, kinds of sciences prove important in today’s world. Social science in some areas provides a background of knowledge of what makes the human respond. It may also answer questions such as what are the dislikes, likes and comfort zones in society. Most of the social sciences come from humanities and many include the scientific methods. In addition, there are strengths and weakness within social sciences.
Strengths and limitations of Social Science.
Strengths. The strengths of social science research rely in the ability to gain extended knowledge in many areas. For example, a doctor finding a cure for AIDS, the information used to discover a cure would rely on what is already known about the disease. By conducting extensive research within social science, problems that exist in the human society can be better understood. As there are strengths that exist within social science research, there are also limitations.
Limits. As it appears each generation advances in knowledge over the last one. One puzzling aspect about social science research is deficiencies. Often listening to the news channel an investigation would be thrown out if research fails. Research may fail for a number of reasons based on lack of evidence or flawed information. Careful research in science is one area in social science that will need to be resolved to prevent injustice in the courtrooms. Although knowledge may be hard to determine in some cases when it is misconstrued due to flaws.
Objectives of Social Science.
Objectives. Based on what is known about social science in the world. The perceived ideas about social science research places an emphasis on the scientific approach and its methods, evidence, and statistics. For instance, philosophers such as Plato used geometry to problem solve, while Isaac Newton used physic to constitute the scientific method. Evidence used in scientific methods supports the subject. Moreover, statistics in a scientific study can be used to determine knowledge over a period of years using numbers and equations. Another example of investigating the scientific methods with evidence and statistics would be used in identifying enrollment in a class over a period. A university will use the evidence supplied over years to determine if enrollment is rising or falling.
Philosophy of social science research.
Research. Within the social science research, some areas of importance that may exist are distinguishing social science from religion and physical. My perception of what is believed to be true about the philosophy of social science research relies on successful study of the human world system. My opinion stems from every day activities in which people involve themselves on a daily bases. For instance, the philosophy behind social science research may result in how different countries interact about democracy, religion, business or any other issue that would engage in the lifestyle of humans.
Religion. Within the social science research, some areas of importance that may exist are distinguishing social science from religion and physical. Based on personal beliefs and academic studies throughout school, pose a conflict. As a Christian, my belief results that man was made in the image of God. In addition, often when studying science it opposes all of my beliefs, and places an emphasis on evolution. Both religion and science serves as a conflict to one another and ultimately the choice is left up to the individual to decide on what may suit him or her. I further believe that within the classroom environment, religious students are forced to take a passive stand on the issue. Often when debated, religion looses and it is best to just answer what the textbooks states and believe personally in your heart. Overall, I believe that the relationship between science and religion are at two different spectrums.
Physical. The relationship between physical and social science are different with a common denominator. In general, physical science deals with chemistry and physics. Some of the branches of physical science that exist include thermodynamics and mechanical. Physical science differs from social science due to the natural elements. For instance, ice melting, iron rusting, etc share components of physical science, while social science deals with the various forms of society. Although some social and physical science may share a common bond due to the scientific approach involved.
Conclusion
The study of social science proves to be an effective measure for examining humans and the culture that exist around them. Without such information, much scientific evidence and study would be left in darkness. Social science research helps us come in the knowledge of the world that surrounds on a daily basis. The research that is used provides a sense of truth based on scientific methods. Furthermore, knowledge acts an important role in social science research by providing facts to discovered insight. By conducting successful research and applying additional knowledge power is born.
The study of social science in today’s society plays an important role in the world. In order to better understand the role of social science, one must correctly explain the key concepts behind the method.
The purpose of this assignment is to present a detailed reflective paper based on personal experiences with social science. In addition, it will answer the following topic about social science research, science in general, personal conceptions of truth, knowledge, and other valid information pertaining to the subject.
Discussion
Knowledge. Daily survival within the world depends on knowledge and social science. There may be many ways to explain the word knowledge. However knowledge includes self-awareness and understanding of facts, truth or information acquired from birth and life long learning. Often people will quote, “knowledge is power”. Although true, if use correctly knowledge can heal the worlds diseases. While on the other hand if used incorrectly, it can be a ticking bomb waiting to explode. Another aspect for understanding knowledge is to understand that it exist in individual form. Meaning that individual knowledge is created through birth and continues to build until death. While this knowledge builds throughout life people will began to study a variety of things such of social sciences and humanities. This type of science is important in the sense that it provides knowledge on various issues relevant to humankind.
Science. The study of social science includes the different aspects within the world. For instance, the main social sciences that exist today include economics, political science, psychology, linguistics, sociology and communications. Understanding the various, kinds of sciences prove important in today’s world. Social science in some areas provides a background of knowledge of what makes the human respond. It may also answer questions such as what are the dislikes, likes and comfort zones in society. Most of the social sciences come from humanities and many include the scientific methods. In addition, there are strengths and weakness within social sciences.
Strengths and limitations of Social Science.
Strengths. The strengths of social science research rely in the ability to gain extended knowledge in many areas. For example, a doctor finding a cure for AIDS, the information used to discover a cure would rely on what is already known about the disease. By conducting extensive research within social science, problems that exist in the human society can be better understood. As there are strengths that exist within social science research, there are also limitations.
Limits. As it appears each generation advances in knowledge over the last one. One puzzling aspect about social science research is deficiencies. Often listening to the news channel an investigation would be thrown out if research fails. Research may fail for a number of reasons based on lack of evidence or flawed information. Careful research in science is one area in social science that will need to be resolved to prevent injustice in the courtrooms. Although knowledge may be hard to determine in some cases when it is misconstrued due to flaws.
Objectives of Social Science.
Objectives. Based on what is known about social science in the world. The perceived ideas about social science research places an emphasis on the scientific approach and its methods, evidence, and statistics. For instance, philosophers such as Plato used geometry to problem solve, while Isaac Newton used physic to constitute the scientific method. Evidence used in scientific methods supports the subject. Moreover, statistics in a scientific study can be used to determine knowledge over a period of years using numbers and equations. Another example of investigating the scientific methods with evidence and statistics would be used in identifying enrollment in a class over a period. A university will use the evidence supplied over years to determine if enrollment is rising or falling.
Philosophy of social science research.
Research. Within the social science research, some areas of importance that may exist are distinguishing social science from religion and physical. My perception of what is believed to be true about the philosophy of social science research relies on successful study of the human world system. My opinion stems from every day activities in which people involve themselves on a daily bases. For instance, the philosophy behind social science research may result in how different countries interact about democracy, religion, business or any other issue that would engage in the lifestyle of humans.
Religion. Within the social science research, some areas of importance that may exist are distinguishing social science from religion and physical. Based on personal beliefs and academic studies throughout school, pose a conflict. As a Christian, my belief results that man was made in the image of God. In addition, often when studying science it opposes all of my beliefs, and places an emphasis on evolution. Both religion and science serves as a conflict to one another and ultimately the choice is left up to the individual to decide on what may suit him or her. I further believe that within the classroom environment, religious students are forced to take a passive stand on the issue. Often when debated, religion looses and it is best to just answer what the textbooks states and believe personally in your heart. Overall, I believe that the relationship between science and religion are at two different spectrums.
Physical. The relationship between physical and social science are different with a common denominator. In general, physical science deals with chemistry and physics. Some of the branches of physical science that exist include thermodynamics and mechanical. Physical science differs from social science due to the natural elements. For instance, ice melting, iron rusting, etc share components of physical science, while social science deals with the various forms of society. Although some social and physical science may share a common bond due to the scientific approach involved.
Conclusion
The study of social science proves to be an effective measure for examining humans and the culture that exist around them. Without such information, much scientific evidence and study would be left in darkness. Social science research helps us come in the knowledge of the world that surrounds on a daily basis. The research that is used provides a sense of truth based on scientific methods. Furthermore, knowledge acts an important role in social science research by providing facts to discovered insight. By conducting successful research and applying additional knowledge power is born.
Use of natural systems
Overview
The use of natural systems for designing human organizations contributes to a road of life-long systems thinking. Systems apply to just about everything is the world today. In the text, “Systems thinking basics,” a system is composed of various components and characteristics (Anderson & Johnson, 1997).
The purpose of this paper focuses on the two books, systems thinking basics and the systems view of the world. Further, the sole purpose relies on viewing the function and understanding the effects of systems relevant in today’s society.
Discussion
Purpose of a system
System. Within a system, various entities exist in the world in which we live. A system focuses on the world that surrounds us and it can be further broken down to explain the theory behind the system. The word systems’ thinking is explained as a branch of a system. According to Anderson and Johnson, the definition of a system, pertains to the mind and human intelligence (1997). This definition does not include the outside world in which we live in. However, Ervin Laszlo (1996) contributes a slightly different opinion for the systems theory.
Characteristics. Lazslo (1996), states that systems stretch further than our minds. Systems exist in the real world and are based on how we see ourselves within the world. Among the basic systems thinking are certain characteristics concerning its natural attributes. According to Laszlo, systems have organizing abilities and specific characteristics. Systems have the ability to take on various shapes and forms within an organization (Laszlo, 1996). Other traits that play a role to systems include events, patterns and structures. Some of the forms included in systems are real world, political, biological, astronomical, and ecological. Several essential characteristics exist in a system. The following are listed below:
1. A systems parts must all be present for the system to carry out its purpose.
2. A systems parts must be arranged in a specific way for a system to carry out its purpose.
3. Systems have specific purposes within larger systems.
4. Systems maintain their stability through fluctuations and adjustments.
5. Systems have feed back (Anderson & Johnson, 1997).
Systems will not properly function when a part is missing or out of balance. Therefore making it useless and serving of no real purpose. Anderson and Johnson, (1997) compares the components of a system to that of the circulatory system of a human. For instance, the body will shut down or become sick will not functioning correctly. This is the body’s way of providing feedback when something is not properly functioning.
Feedback. Feedback provides a vital purpose to the system, through constructive observation and cues (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). It further provides an avenue to fix or change behavior by using feedback. Feedback allows systems to gain a vast idea of knowledge on how to improve systems through updates about the subject involved.
Views of a system.
Atomistic. According to Laszlo (1996), two analyses in the world today, include the atomistic and systems view. The atomistic view differs from the systems view due to details and actions, whereas the systems view places a large emphasis on the magnitude of structure and complex frames. Another part of systems reflects on the humans as natural systems. Humans can be defined as natural systems because of their attributes and the classes that exist, such as living things, human beings, members of a society, culture, individuals and personal classification. Although this may appear to classify all within our world, it does not portray everything in society. Not everything is a natural system. The systems view does not recognize sole classes into which various natural entities (Laszlo, 1996). Systems’ thinking provides value for considering human issues and problems through the big pictures. It provides a looking glass for the person that appears to have problems. In return, systems’ thinking allows issues on morale, working relationships and teamwork concerns.
Other classifications of natural systems may include biological, social and physical challenges. In addition, Laszlo (1996) mentioned four propositions about the natural systems such as, natural systems are wholes with irreducible properties, maintain themselves in a changing environment, create themselves in response to self-creativity in other systems, and coordinate interfaces in nature’s holarchy. Human systems and thinking places another attitude faced by nature and religion. The forms of the systems exist in complex and simple modes.
Types of systems.
Complex systems differ from simple systems based on their ability to self-stabilize (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). The importance of this characteristic focuses on original design and system balances. Complex systems provide a purpose through balance. The third steps like simple systems prove they are capable of using feedback to modify behavior. This is an important step according to Anderson and Johnson (1997) since it “provides a key opportunity for change and growth within the system-especially if the feedback is explicit and accessible” (p. 78). Another key process in differentiating a complex system from a simple system includes the ability to modify their environments. The last characteristic of a complex system involves the capability of replicating, maintaining, repairing, and reorganizing themselves. The last two traits of a complex system are important due to their changing and adaptability qualities.
Strengths and weakness. According to Anderson and Johnson (1996), complex systems face four major problems such as, conflicting goals, centralization vs. decentralization dilemmas, distorted feedback and loss of predictability. Another problem, which exists in complex systems, emphasizes on its subsystems. Since the complex system has many devices, the chance of something malfunctioning is at a greater risk (Anderson & Johnson, 1996). A notable achievement for complex systems includes its systems thinking tools. This action provides clear knowledge and insight into businesses for exploration. Proper application of systems thinking can be vital to any business or individual.
Guidelines of systems thinking.
In general, certain guidelines and procedures exist for establishing a successful application for systems thinking processes (Anderson & Johnson, 1996). These rules will provide a smoother transition for every day activity on the job such as: (1) Do not use systems thinking to further your own agenda. (2) Do use systems thinking to sift out major issues and factors. (3) Don’t use systems thinking to blame individuals. (4) Do use systems thinking to promote inquiry and challenge preconceived ideas. Other methods for getting started with systems thinking include not solving problems immediately. Problems that occur are taken in careful view and consideration to allow room for proper representation. By taking time to resolve the problem and focus will give one a better understanding of the problem. Other issues include starting with smaller-scale problems to prevent exhaustion. Based on personal experience often starting with larger tasks and problems create problems in the end. The next rule of getting started states one should not work with systems thinking techniques under pressure, or in front of a group that is unprepared for or intolerant of the learning process. Without proper understanding of a system, it is impossible to teach to a body of people that are unprepared to learn new ideas.
In addition getting started with systems thinking should provide one with the knowledge to develop diagrams. Diagrams provide a great way to expound on systems thinking, build confidence and apply what has been learned (Anderson & Johnson, 1996). Another way to focus on this issue is to draw causal loop diagrams. Casual loop diagrams should be general with some important information. In addition, when working with casual loop diagrams one should check with others to see if they can add insight, not present as a final product and learn from history. Often history is the best teacher, since it can provide one with knowledge of past mistakes. Moreover, good rules of measure to remember when designing intervention according to Anderson and Johnson (1996) include the following: (1) do get all stakeholders involved in the process. (2) Don’t go for vague, general, or open-ended solutions. (3) Do make an intervention specific, measurable, and verifiable. (4) Do look for potential unintended side effects of an intervention. (5) Don’t be surprised if some situations defy solution, especially if they are chronic problems. (6) Do remember that even for systems thinkers, it is easy to fall back into a linear process.
Within the learning activities section cases critical thinking and knowledge was discovered by application. For instance, the example of budget bugaboos provided me with the ability to formulate a problem and point out the key variables. The key variables focused on in the story were the target budget, budget pressure, cost-cutting measures and costs. These variables could later be graphed to show the behavior over a period. Next, a causal loop diagram was drafted up to represent the interrelationships. All of these techniques are important and provide vital learning in understanding various situations.
Taking a systems view of ourselves.
Life-long. According to Laszlo (1996) the systems view of ourselves presents several key aspects to ones character. For instance Laszlo (1996) states, “the systems view links the human being again with world (s)he lives in, for he or she is seen as emerging in that world and reflecting its general character” (p. 60). Other parts, which affect the systems view of ourselves, include the cosmic regions and finding our place in the universe. Finding our place in the universe correlates deeply with the qualities possessed and acquired during development. The human species vastly differs from that the animal kingdom due to certain characteristics, such as the conscious. Unlike any other animal, human possess the ability to think, speak, feel, hold a conversation and transfer information. Moreover, humans are rational and spiritual beings. Sense these characteristics reflect naturally a role for religion appeals to humanity.
The role of religion is evident in the world today. Religions such as Christianity focus on the divine love of God (Laszlo, 1996). In return, followers of the teaching are to show the same type of love to their neighbors. This process deeply associates with systems view of ourselves, and the importance of how we fit into the world.
It is important to take a systems view of our every day life. In addition, another important aspect of systems thinking includes life-long thinking. Life-long systems thinking can be practiced by “individual practice and applying the basic concepts of systems thinking that one has learned through a book or a workshop” (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). The next step is to pay attention to the question you ask. This simply means to comprehend what has been learned and to look deeper into the problems. Another important factor relies on the notion to sense and notice the systems around you; reflecting on the action, you are participating in does this. Then one should decide on the type of impact it may have, and lastly one must draw a diagram loop daily or weekly. Finding stories to capture the attention and draw one away from their casual loop practices this. Other mentionable learning skills may include, collaborative learning, apprenticeships, mentoring, coaching, book groups and learning communities. These outlets all provide an advent to practice life-long systems thinking.
Conclusion
The concepts applied within the text provide knowledge on how the systems view of the world and thinking respond. By reading the text, one will gain a better understanding on how to interact in the world. The tools taught in these books provide essential information, useful to any corporation. Systems’ thinking applies to almost everything we do, but one can learn how to do it better. Understanding the rules, diagrams and operations will challenge the individual using the method. I found the ideas from the drawing loops of the most importance. These ideas encouraged myself to take time and apply technique. Once the approach has been mastered in technique and style one can continue by life-long thinking and taking a careful reflection of themselves. The ability to apply life-long thinking can lead to an improved lifestyle and performance.
References
Anderson, V. & Johnson, L, (1997). Systems thinking basics: From concepts to casual
Loop. Waltham, MA. Pegasus communications
Laszlo, E. (1996). The systems view of the world: A holistic vision for our time.
Cresskill, NJ. Hampton Press
The use of natural systems for designing human organizations contributes to a road of life-long systems thinking. Systems apply to just about everything is the world today. In the text, “Systems thinking basics,” a system is composed of various components and characteristics (Anderson & Johnson, 1997).
The purpose of this paper focuses on the two books, systems thinking basics and the systems view of the world. Further, the sole purpose relies on viewing the function and understanding the effects of systems relevant in today’s society.
Discussion
Purpose of a system
System. Within a system, various entities exist in the world in which we live. A system focuses on the world that surrounds us and it can be further broken down to explain the theory behind the system. The word systems’ thinking is explained as a branch of a system. According to Anderson and Johnson, the definition of a system, pertains to the mind and human intelligence (1997). This definition does not include the outside world in which we live in. However, Ervin Laszlo (1996) contributes a slightly different opinion for the systems theory.
Characteristics. Lazslo (1996), states that systems stretch further than our minds. Systems exist in the real world and are based on how we see ourselves within the world. Among the basic systems thinking are certain characteristics concerning its natural attributes. According to Laszlo, systems have organizing abilities and specific characteristics. Systems have the ability to take on various shapes and forms within an organization (Laszlo, 1996). Other traits that play a role to systems include events, patterns and structures. Some of the forms included in systems are real world, political, biological, astronomical, and ecological. Several essential characteristics exist in a system. The following are listed below:
1. A systems parts must all be present for the system to carry out its purpose.
2. A systems parts must be arranged in a specific way for a system to carry out its purpose.
3. Systems have specific purposes within larger systems.
4. Systems maintain their stability through fluctuations and adjustments.
5. Systems have feed back (Anderson & Johnson, 1997).
Systems will not properly function when a part is missing or out of balance. Therefore making it useless and serving of no real purpose. Anderson and Johnson, (1997) compares the components of a system to that of the circulatory system of a human. For instance, the body will shut down or become sick will not functioning correctly. This is the body’s way of providing feedback when something is not properly functioning.
Feedback. Feedback provides a vital purpose to the system, through constructive observation and cues (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). It further provides an avenue to fix or change behavior by using feedback. Feedback allows systems to gain a vast idea of knowledge on how to improve systems through updates about the subject involved.
Views of a system.
Atomistic. According to Laszlo (1996), two analyses in the world today, include the atomistic and systems view. The atomistic view differs from the systems view due to details and actions, whereas the systems view places a large emphasis on the magnitude of structure and complex frames. Another part of systems reflects on the humans as natural systems. Humans can be defined as natural systems because of their attributes and the classes that exist, such as living things, human beings, members of a society, culture, individuals and personal classification. Although this may appear to classify all within our world, it does not portray everything in society. Not everything is a natural system. The systems view does not recognize sole classes into which various natural entities (Laszlo, 1996). Systems’ thinking provides value for considering human issues and problems through the big pictures. It provides a looking glass for the person that appears to have problems. In return, systems’ thinking allows issues on morale, working relationships and teamwork concerns.
Other classifications of natural systems may include biological, social and physical challenges. In addition, Laszlo (1996) mentioned four propositions about the natural systems such as, natural systems are wholes with irreducible properties, maintain themselves in a changing environment, create themselves in response to self-creativity in other systems, and coordinate interfaces in nature’s holarchy. Human systems and thinking places another attitude faced by nature and religion. The forms of the systems exist in complex and simple modes.
Types of systems.
Complex systems differ from simple systems based on their ability to self-stabilize (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). The importance of this characteristic focuses on original design and system balances. Complex systems provide a purpose through balance. The third steps like simple systems prove they are capable of using feedback to modify behavior. This is an important step according to Anderson and Johnson (1997) since it “provides a key opportunity for change and growth within the system-especially if the feedback is explicit and accessible” (p. 78). Another key process in differentiating a complex system from a simple system includes the ability to modify their environments. The last characteristic of a complex system involves the capability of replicating, maintaining, repairing, and reorganizing themselves. The last two traits of a complex system are important due to their changing and adaptability qualities.
Strengths and weakness. According to Anderson and Johnson (1996), complex systems face four major problems such as, conflicting goals, centralization vs. decentralization dilemmas, distorted feedback and loss of predictability. Another problem, which exists in complex systems, emphasizes on its subsystems. Since the complex system has many devices, the chance of something malfunctioning is at a greater risk (Anderson & Johnson, 1996). A notable achievement for complex systems includes its systems thinking tools. This action provides clear knowledge and insight into businesses for exploration. Proper application of systems thinking can be vital to any business or individual.
Guidelines of systems thinking.
In general, certain guidelines and procedures exist for establishing a successful application for systems thinking processes (Anderson & Johnson, 1996). These rules will provide a smoother transition for every day activity on the job such as: (1) Do not use systems thinking to further your own agenda. (2) Do use systems thinking to sift out major issues and factors. (3) Don’t use systems thinking to blame individuals. (4) Do use systems thinking to promote inquiry and challenge preconceived ideas. Other methods for getting started with systems thinking include not solving problems immediately. Problems that occur are taken in careful view and consideration to allow room for proper representation. By taking time to resolve the problem and focus will give one a better understanding of the problem. Other issues include starting with smaller-scale problems to prevent exhaustion. Based on personal experience often starting with larger tasks and problems create problems in the end. The next rule of getting started states one should not work with systems thinking techniques under pressure, or in front of a group that is unprepared for or intolerant of the learning process. Without proper understanding of a system, it is impossible to teach to a body of people that are unprepared to learn new ideas.
In addition getting started with systems thinking should provide one with the knowledge to develop diagrams. Diagrams provide a great way to expound on systems thinking, build confidence and apply what has been learned (Anderson & Johnson, 1996). Another way to focus on this issue is to draw causal loop diagrams. Casual loop diagrams should be general with some important information. In addition, when working with casual loop diagrams one should check with others to see if they can add insight, not present as a final product and learn from history. Often history is the best teacher, since it can provide one with knowledge of past mistakes. Moreover, good rules of measure to remember when designing intervention according to Anderson and Johnson (1996) include the following: (1) do get all stakeholders involved in the process. (2) Don’t go for vague, general, or open-ended solutions. (3) Do make an intervention specific, measurable, and verifiable. (4) Do look for potential unintended side effects of an intervention. (5) Don’t be surprised if some situations defy solution, especially if they are chronic problems. (6) Do remember that even for systems thinkers, it is easy to fall back into a linear process.
Within the learning activities section cases critical thinking and knowledge was discovered by application. For instance, the example of budget bugaboos provided me with the ability to formulate a problem and point out the key variables. The key variables focused on in the story were the target budget, budget pressure, cost-cutting measures and costs. These variables could later be graphed to show the behavior over a period. Next, a causal loop diagram was drafted up to represent the interrelationships. All of these techniques are important and provide vital learning in understanding various situations.
Taking a systems view of ourselves.
Life-long. According to Laszlo (1996) the systems view of ourselves presents several key aspects to ones character. For instance Laszlo (1996) states, “the systems view links the human being again with world (s)he lives in, for he or she is seen as emerging in that world and reflecting its general character” (p. 60). Other parts, which affect the systems view of ourselves, include the cosmic regions and finding our place in the universe. Finding our place in the universe correlates deeply with the qualities possessed and acquired during development. The human species vastly differs from that the animal kingdom due to certain characteristics, such as the conscious. Unlike any other animal, human possess the ability to think, speak, feel, hold a conversation and transfer information. Moreover, humans are rational and spiritual beings. Sense these characteristics reflect naturally a role for religion appeals to humanity.
The role of religion is evident in the world today. Religions such as Christianity focus on the divine love of God (Laszlo, 1996). In return, followers of the teaching are to show the same type of love to their neighbors. This process deeply associates with systems view of ourselves, and the importance of how we fit into the world.
It is important to take a systems view of our every day life. In addition, another important aspect of systems thinking includes life-long thinking. Life-long systems thinking can be practiced by “individual practice and applying the basic concepts of systems thinking that one has learned through a book or a workshop” (Anderson & Johnson, 1997). The next step is to pay attention to the question you ask. This simply means to comprehend what has been learned and to look deeper into the problems. Another important factor relies on the notion to sense and notice the systems around you; reflecting on the action, you are participating in does this. Then one should decide on the type of impact it may have, and lastly one must draw a diagram loop daily or weekly. Finding stories to capture the attention and draw one away from their casual loop practices this. Other mentionable learning skills may include, collaborative learning, apprenticeships, mentoring, coaching, book groups and learning communities. These outlets all provide an advent to practice life-long systems thinking.
Conclusion
The concepts applied within the text provide knowledge on how the systems view of the world and thinking respond. By reading the text, one will gain a better understanding on how to interact in the world. The tools taught in these books provide essential information, useful to any corporation. Systems’ thinking applies to almost everything we do, but one can learn how to do it better. Understanding the rules, diagrams and operations will challenge the individual using the method. I found the ideas from the drawing loops of the most importance. These ideas encouraged myself to take time and apply technique. Once the approach has been mastered in technique and style one can continue by life-long thinking and taking a careful reflection of themselves. The ability to apply life-long thinking can lead to an improved lifestyle and performance.
References
Anderson, V. & Johnson, L, (1997). Systems thinking basics: From concepts to casual
Loop. Waltham, MA. Pegasus communications
Laszlo, E. (1996). The systems view of the world: A holistic vision for our time.
Cresskill, NJ. Hampton Press
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